34 Are prehospital deaths from trauma and accidental injury preventable? A summary report Recommendations for the and to advocate for acceptance of the outcome 13 first aid training community, alongside established Utstein criteria. including the Red Cross > Consider exploring our role in responding to falls, and how this might be an issue among > Encourage bystanders to take action beyond our own service users, 89 per cent of whom calling for the emergency services. The are 65 years or older and predominantly following powerful messages contained in this receiving our service because they have been research should be embedded within training recently discharged from hospital. Therefore, and awareness-raising campaigns: they may be particularly vulnerable to falls. – It is not enough to call the emergency services and do nothing else. Recommendations for decision- – Doing something is simple but life-saving: makers and policymakers maintain an open airway to keep the person Overall breathing by turning the person on their side and tilting their head back; put pressure on The UK, Scottish and Welsh Governments, a bleed to stop the flow of blood. the Northern Ireland Executive and relevant statutory bodies should ensure that the existing > Further explore people’s motivation to proceed mechanisms allow for first aid education to be with first aid interventions or not, particularly the available – for example, through schools, driving relationship between deceased and bystander, tests and public health initiatives. as this was not established in the current study. This exploration would form an evidence-based Schools understanding of the behavioural change required to alter current behaviour. > First aid should be mandatory on school curricula in England, Northern Ireland, Scotland > Continue to test out different ways of teaching and Wales. first aid education, such as blended learning, to ensure that our first aid training meets the > Government education departments, schools, needs of different learners. teachers, young people and others should champion first aid learning, integrating it > Continue to use our knowledge and expertise into existing subjects and whole-school to identify areas with a high prevalence of approaches, such as single, older households, and prioritise those communities for first aid education in order to – Physical Education and PSHE education boost community resilience, and potentially (England) prevent death and improve outcomes should community members be present to help. – Health and Well-being (Scotland) > Consider examining the role of the call handler – PSE (Wales) in supporting the bystander to perform first aid. – PDMU and Learning for Life and Work Recommendations for the Red (Northern Ireland) Cross – during assemblies, tutor time or extended learning time. > Seek to lead, along with academic colleagues, the prehospital research community to reach > The Welsh Government should integrate first consensus on what is considered ‘preventable’ aid learning into planned changes to the Welsh in the prehospital therapeutic vacuum. Given the curriculum, due to be implemented in 2018 reputation of the Red Cross within the national and obligatory for schools by 2021. and international first aid community, we are in an excellent position to draw on our substantial networks to help create space for this debate 13 This refers to a uniformed way of collecting data.