Acknowledgements vi Foreword 1 Executive summary 3 1 Background 7 First aid education at the British Red Cross 7 Are prehospital deaths from accidental injury preventable? 9 External context 9 2 Design 13 3 Study one 15 contents Research objectives and methodology 15 4 Study two 19 Research objectives and methodology 19 5 Key findings 23 Literature review 23 Study one 24 Study two 26 6 Conclusions 29 Literature review 29 The nature and cause of death 30 Preventability of death 30 7 Recommendations 33 Recognition 33 Recommendations for the first aid training community, including the Red Cross 34 Recommendations for the Red Cross 34 Recommendations for decision-makers and policymakers 34 References 37